fix: treat VS as a string on read and write

Go stringified sheet cells with fmt.Sprint, so a numeric VS read with
UNFORMATTED_VALUE was rendered as 2.609767878e+09. Text columns of the
payments sheet now go through sheets.CellString, which never uses
exponent form; bank inference uses the same helper.

Both sync implementations now append VS as a text cell so Sheets keeps
it a string and leading zeros survive. Existing rows are not rewritten.

Python already read VS as a digit string; a regression test pins that.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

legacy/tests/test_sync_fio.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import contextlib
+import io
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+from scripts.sync_fio_to_sheets import COLUMN_LABELS, as_text_cell, sync_to_sheets
+
+
+class TestAsTextCell(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_digits_get_text_marker(self):
+        self.assertEqual(as_text_cell("0308"), "'0308")
+        self.assertEqual(as_text_cell(123), "'123")
+
+    def test_empty_stays_empty(self):
+        self.assertEqual(as_text_cell(""), "")
+        self.assertEqual(as_text_cell(None), "")
+
+
+class TestSyncWritesVSAsText(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_appended_row_has_text_vs(self):
+        service = MagicMock()
+        sheet = service.spreadsheets.return_value
+        sheet.values.return_value.get.return_value.execute.return_value = {"values": [COLUMN_LABELS]}
+        tx = {"date": "2026-04-10", "amount": 750.0, "sender": "Test Sender",
+              "vs": "0308", "message": "fee", "bank_id": "111"}
+        with patch("scripts.sync_fio_to_sheets.get_sheets_service", return_value=service), \
+             patch("scripts.sync_fio_to_sheets.fetch_transactions_all", return_value=[tx]), \
+             contextlib.redirect_stdout(io.StringIO()):
+            sync_to_sheets("sheet-id", "creds.json", days=30)
+
+        body = sheet.values.return_value.append.call_args.kwargs["body"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(body["values"]), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(body["values"][0][7], "'0308")