Bake git commit into the binary and log it at startup

New internal/version package: ldflags-stamped Commit with a
debug.ReadBuildInfo VCS fallback for host builds. Startup log line
carries commit + Go version; --version prints the hash and exits.
Makefile computes GIT_COMMIT (12 chars, -dirty on any local change) and
passes it to docker-build/buildx; Dockerfile injects it via -ldflags and
an org.opencontainers.image.revision label. make build now uses ./cmd —
file-argument builds skip Go's automatic VCS stamp.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

internal/version/version_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package version
+
+import (
+	"runtime/debug"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func buildInfoWith(settings ...debug.BuildSetting) func() (*debug.BuildInfo, bool) {
+	return func() (*debug.BuildInfo, bool) {
+		return &debug.BuildInfo{Settings: settings}, true
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolve_precedenceAndFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	noBuildInfo := func() (*debug.BuildInfo, bool) { return nil, false }
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		ldflagsCommit string
+		readBuildInfo func() (*debug.BuildInfo, bool)
+		want          string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:          "ldflags stamp wins over build info",
+			ldflagsCommit: "abc123def456-dirty",
+			readBuildInfo: buildInfoWith(debug.BuildSetting{Key: "vcs.revision", Value: "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"}),
+			want:          "abc123def456-dirty",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "no stamp, no build info",
+			readBuildInfo: noBuildInfo,
+			want:          "unknown",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "build info without vcs settings",
+			readBuildInfo: buildInfoWith(),
+			want:          "unknown",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "full revision truncated to 12 chars",
+			readBuildInfo: buildInfoWith(
+				debug.BuildSetting{Key: "vcs.revision", Value: "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567"},
+				debug.BuildSetting{Key: "vcs.modified", Value: "false"},
+			),
+			want: "0123456789ab",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "modified tree gets dirty suffix",
+			readBuildInfo: buildInfoWith(
+				debug.BuildSetting{Key: "vcs.revision", Value: "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567"},
+				debug.BuildSetting{Key: "vcs.modified", Value: "true"},
+			),
+			want: "0123456789ab-dirty",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "short revision kept as-is",
+			readBuildInfo: buildInfoWith(
+				debug.BuildSetting{Key: "vcs.revision", Value: "abc123"},
+			),
+			want: "abc123",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			if got := resolve(tc.ldflagsCommit, tc.readBuildInfo); got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("resolve() = %q, want %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}